This seminar focuses on the nonproliferation, nuclear security, and safeguards challenges associated with the global spread of nuclear energy and other “peaceful” dual-use nuclear technologies, placing these issues in the larger context of the technical, diplomatic, legal, economic, infrastructure, and energy security dimensions of the so-called nuclear renaissance. We will examine key reactor and fuel cycle technologies, and look at the merits/shortcomings of attempts to “fix” proliferation, security, and safeguards challenges with technical innovations. In particular, we will look at Generation IV technologies, designs using the thorium fuel cycle, and safeguards technologies. We will discuss the economic, power infrastructure, regulatory, and capacity-building challenges faced by new nuclear build, especially among nuclear newcomers in the Middle East and Asia. Following discussion of the international organizations charged with assisting and overseeing the responsible implementation of nuclear power programs (and especially the IAEA), we will look at policy proposals to increase international control, such as the creation of multilateral fuel cycle facilities. We will also look at key players—who are the nuclear suppliers, and how do their policies agree/differ concerning export of sensitive nuclear technologies? The seminar is highly participatory, and will involve hands-on activities, such as a nuclear security satellite imagery analysis exercise, and an in-class simulation game.