This seminar intends to help students (1) to gain a better understanding of the complexities of public administration systems and processes in different countries and (2) explore the factors facilitating and hindering effective public administration and administrative reforms (3) by using comparative method. Specifically, the seminar intends to help students: to explore public administration systems by examining their different types, relevant processes, and their environments; to review and critically analyze administrative systems and reforms of various countries; to identify factors accounting for effectiveness of public administration systems and reforms; through comparative method and generate policy implications on specific cases; to gain proficiency in comparative method to be able to use it beyond this seminar; and to develop a more informed, contextualized, and responsible approach to analyzing development policies concerning administrative systems and reforms.